Internal Medicine
Internal medicine is a branch of medicine that diagnoses diseases of internal organs and plans non-surgical treatments.
In our Internal Medicine branch, which is the department that carries out the diagnosis and treatment of the structure and function of the internal organ systems of adult patients, and the diagnosis and treatment of diseases occurring in these organs, in addition to the early diagnosis of diseases, the patient's awareness about how to prevent diseases, the stages to be experienced in the treatment process of existing diseases and, if necessary, referral to different units are made.
Policlinic examinations, inpatient diagnosis, follow-up and treatments, emergency services, pre- and post-surgical patient evaluations, consultation services with other branches and Check-Up services are offered in the field of Internal Medicine with its expert and experienced physician staff.
In Our Internal Diseases (Internal Medicine) Department
• Upper and lower respiratory tract diseases
• Infectious Diseases
• Hypertension
• Stomach and intestinal system diseases
• Kidney diseases
• Heart and Lung and Liver diseases
• Thyroid diseases
• Diabetes disease
• Rheumatic diseases
• Insulin resistance and obesity treatment
• Hematological diseases
• Rheumatological Diseases and Vasculitides
• Oncological Diseases
• Treatments for Internal Medicine Check-Up Programs are implemented.
Ear, Nose, Throat
Ear Nose Throat
In our Ear Nose and Throat Polyclinic, ear diseases such as ear infections, hearing loss, balance disorders and tinnitus, nasal congestion, nasal discharge, olfactory disorders, sinusitis, nasal diseases such as allergic rhinitis, throat diseases such as pharyngitis, tonsillitis, other rare diseases of the mouth and throat ; In addition to hoarseness, dysphagia and speech disorders, cancer diagnosis and treatment of the neck are performed. Our ENT polyclinic is equipped with devices and equipment that allow endoscopic examinations in addition to classical examination tools.
Nose Aesthetics (Rhinoplasty)
Rhinoplasty is an aesthetic operation performed to correct or reconstruct the appearance of the nose. Apart from visual purposes, rhinoplasty is also performed to eliminate structural defects that cause breathing problems. It is also a frequently performed surgery in the treatment of nasal fractures.
The size of the nose, shape and angle of the nose can be changed with Rhinoplasty (nose aesthetics), which is the most preferred operation among aesthetic surgeries and is performed to create a beautiful nose that is compatible with the face and liked by the person himself and his surroundings.
In which cases is rhinoplasty necessary?
• If the patient has aesthetic concerns
• If there are breathing problems due to various functional disorders
• In sinus problems
• In nasal fractures
• In case of cleft lip (with other operations)
• In severe facial burns
How Is Rhinoplasty Performed?
With the first examination to be performed by the surgeon, the patient's complaints, the desired visual changes and whether they are suitable for the nose or face structure are evaluated by sharing ideas between the doctor and the patient. With a detailed examination, it can be determined whether there is any problem in the nose that may prevent the rhinoplasty operation. In the absence of a structural problem, general health checks should also be carried out, and the presence of conditions that may interfere with the surgical operation, such as bleeding diseases, should be investigated. It is very important for the doctor and the patient to establish a good communication with the patient in terms of the shape changes to be made in the patients who are determined to be suitable for the operation, and to explain the patient's expectations to the doctor in a good way. The planning phase is completed by taking photographs of the nose from various angles.
When the day of the operation comes, general anesthesia is usually applied depending on the type of surgery. The duration of the operation also varies according to the procedures to be performed. On average, a rhinoplasty operation is expected to take approximately 1.5-2 hours. After the operation, which is performed by choosing the most suitable method for the patient, open or closed methods, the patients are discharged after being kept under observation for a certain period of time.
How long does the recovery process take in rhinoplasty?
After the rhinoplasty operation, it is of great importance to preserve the shape of the nose and the operation area in order to be successful in the treatment applications performed on the nose. Therefore, any trauma that will adversely affect the shape of the nose should be avoided. Apart from trauma, it is extremely important not to use heavy glasses, not to lie on your side or to apply pressure to the nose area for a period of time. After the surgery, resting adequately, especially for the first two or three days, and avoiding strenuous activities for a week will accelerate the healing process. In addition, medications prescribed by the physician should be used regularly. The control examinations given should not be interrupted, and if there is a dressing suggestion, they should be done regularly.
Today, rhinoplasty surgery gives extremely successful results thanks to the advanced techniques applied. Success in rhinoplasty means a nose that is both visually pleasing to the patient and performing its functions in a healthy way.
Who is suitable for Eyelid Aesthetics (Blepharoplasty)?
Eyelid aesthetics are mostly performed by individuals over the age of 35. It is possible for anyone with a medical need to have it done at any age. One of the first structures to show aging on the human face is the upper eyelid. Eyelid aesthetics (blepharoplasty) surgery cannot stop the ongoing aging of the eyelids; but the tired appearance on the face can be stopped for about 10 years.
How is upper eyelid aesthetics performed?
Upper eyelid aesthetics (blepharoplasty) or droopy eyelid surgery is the process of removing excess skin and fat tissue from the area due to the loss of tension in the skin. The surgical scar does not attract much attention as it will remain on the upper eyelid and will be open during the day. However, in order to avoid the scar, an incision is made from the eyelid fold line and aesthetic stitches are applied. Of course, this deformation of the skin does not occur only on the eyelid, so it gives better cosmetic results when applied together with forehead lift and eyebrow lifting operations.
In addition, interventions such as almond eye aesthetics along with upper eyelid aesthetics (blepharoplasty) are frequently preferred by patients.
How is lower eyelid aesthetics performed?
The fat pads located on the cheekbones atrophy (weak) with the effect of gravity along with the aging process. This causes signs of aging in the form of slumping or edema under the lower eyelid and prominent smile lines around the mouth. The lower eyelid should be evaluated by your physician and checked for bagging and sagging. The form of treatment should be evaluated. If surgery is required, the specialist physician should initiate the planning and process. In lower eyelid aesthetics, the surgical incision is made just below the eyelashes. The skin is lifted and the fat packets are removed. If the under-eye sunkenness continues after the surgery, an under-eye fat injection may be required after recovery.
How long does it take for Eyelid Aesthetics (Blepharoplasty) surgery and post-operative recovery?
After Eyelid Aesthetic Surgery, patients do not have serious pain. Movement is allowed, provided that it is nourished and not heavy. The patient, who is discharged on the same day, is evaluated again the next day and 5 days later. Stitches are often dissolving stitches. However, when necessary, the stitches are removed painlessly without waiting for them to dissolve. After the 5th day, it is allowed to shower and return to normal life. In order to reduce scars in Eyelid Aesthetics, scar reducing creams are sometimes recommended to patients.
PGD (Pre-implantation Genetic Diagnostic)
PREIMPLANTATION GENETIC DIAGNOSIS
In recent years, developments in genetics allow genetic analysis to be carried out on embryos developed in vitro by in vitro fertilization ethods and the placement of selected healthy embryos in the uterus of the mother before pregnancy occurs. This method is called pre- regnancy genetic diagnosis (Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis-PGD).
One of the most important application areas of the PGT technique embryos that do not have a genetic disease but may not have a genetic disorder in their chromosomes.
These disorders are more common in women of advanced age (35 years and older). This situation may result in infertility as it both reduces the chance of attachment of the embryo (implantation) and may cause unwanted abortions. As a matter of fact, 40 out of every 100 pregnancies in women aged 39 and over have problems that occur due to a numerical chromosomal disorder
The aim of PGD is to increase implantation rates, reduce spontaneous abortions and increase healthy baby birth rates by selecting hromosomally normal embryos. Indeed, the miscarriage rate, which can reach up to 23 percent in normal pregnancy due to chromosomal disorders, may decrease to 9 percent after PGD.
Pre-pregnancy genetic diagnosis is performed by taking 1 or 2 cells from embryos developed as a result of fertilization of egg and sperm cells obtained from mother and father candidates in laboratory environment. Special methods called Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH), Microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) or Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) are used for genetic diagnosis. Diagnosis of numerical chromosomal disorders such as monosomy or trisomy (Down syndrome and other trisomies) and single gene diseases (such as hemophilia, Mediterranean anemia, cystic fibrosis, muscular dystrophies) in the baby to be born is possible with PGD. Thus, healthy babies are born by transferring disease-free, healthy embryos to the expectant mother.
DIAGNOSIS BEFORE PREGNANCY
- In couples with a genetic or hereditary disease carrier,
- In couples who have a child or children with a previous genetic disease,
- For the purpose of HLA genotyping (tissue typing),
- In the identification of diseases showing genetic predisposition (tendency)
- Women in the advanced age group (37 years and over) who have been accepted for assisted reproductive techniques,
- In couples with recurrent early pregnancy miscarriages,
- In couples who could not achieve pregnancy with assisted reproductive techniques despite multiple applications or who lost their pregnancy due to miscarriage,
- It is applied in cases of chromosomal disorders or genetic diseases associated with severe male infertility.
HOW IS THE PGT TEST DONE?
- Whether the patient is suitable for PGD is evaluated by the reproductive health specialist, genetic counselor and the doctor of the related disease.
- The couple is prepared for the IVF procedure.
- The egg taken from the mother is fertilized in the laboratory with the sperm taken from the father.
- 1-2 blastomere cells are removed from the obtained embryo by biopsy by embryologists
- Cells obtained by biopsy are prepared and tested according to the method to be applied.
- Embryos with genetic diseases or chromosomal disorders are selected and discarded and healthy embryos are transferred to the mothers womb.
Child Health and Diseases
Neurosurgery
Neurosurgery is a medical specialty focused on the surgical treatment of disorders related to the brain, spine, and nervous system. It involves both the diagnosis and the treatment of conditions that affect the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS).
Here are some key areas within neurosurgery:
Brain Surgery: This includes procedures to treat brain tumors, traumatic brain injuries, aneurysms, and neurological disorders like epilepsy and Parkinson's disease. Neurosurgeons may also perform surgeries for congenital abnormalities or infections of the brain.
Spinal Surgery: Neurosurgeons often address spinal issues such as herniated discs, spinal stenosis, and spinal cord injuries. They may also perform surgery for scoliosis or other deformities of the spine.
Peripheral Nerve Surgery: This involves the surgical treatment of nerve injuries, entrapments, and diseases affecting the peripheral nervous system, like carpal tunnel syndrome.
Neurosurgery can range from minimally invasive procedures using advanced technologies to complex open surgeries that require detailed precision. It is closely related to other specialties such as neurology, radiology, and rehabilitation medicine.
Dietician Fatma Aybike BOZOKLU
Education:
2023 Nuh Naci Yazgan University faculty of health sciences
Work experience:
Çapa Faculty of Medicine Oncology Institute 2022
Areas of interest:
Nutrition in diseases
Nutrition after gastric sleeve surgery and stomach botox
sports nutrition
Pregnant and Breastfeeding Nutrition
Nutrition in diabetes
Baby-child-adult nutrition
Getting fat
Allergy-food intolerance and nutrition
Losing weight
Adequate balanced and healthy nutrition
Nutrition in eating behavior disorders
weight maintenance
institutional nutrition
sports nutrition
Md. ADEM ARIK
INTEREST AREAS
Premature Baby Follow-up and Treatment
Neonatal Intensive Care Treatments
Neonatal Jaundice
Healthy Child Follow-up
Growth Follow-up and Evaluation in Children
Infection in Children
Respiratory Disorders in Children
Loss of Appetite in Children
EDUCATION
Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine
Atatürk University Faculty of Medicine Child Health and Diseases Clinic
WORK EXPERIENCE
2021 – Present Private Hüma Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital
2018-2021 Kayseri City Hospital
2012 -2018 Kayseri Education and Research Hospital
2010 – 2012 Kırıkkale State Hospital
2008 – 2010 Private Elif Children's Center
2005 -2008 Kırıkkale Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital
2002 -2005 Keskin State Hospital
MEMBERSHIPS
Kayseri Medical Chamber
Md. Seyfi Şahin
EDUCATION
Specialization: Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine
Medical Education: Ankara University Faculty of Medicine
WORK EXPERIENCE
1982 – Specialization: Private Clinic
2003 – Çare Medical Center
2007 – Dr. Seyfi Şahin ENT Center
2017 – Magnet Hospital
2019 – Sistem Hospital
2025 – Hüma Hospital
AREAS OF INTEREST
-
Ear diseases
-
Tinnitus
-
Hearing loss, vertigo, and balance disorders
-
Throat diseases and surgery
-
Recurrent upper respiratory tract infections
-
Nasal obstruction
-
Endoscopic sinus and skull base surgeries
-
Head and neck tumors
-
Hoarseness and laryngeal diseases
Md. Mahammad Davudov
EDUCATION
• Specialization: University of Health Sciences Ankara Sanatorium Training and Research Hospital
• Medical Education: Azerbaijan University Faculty of Medicine
WORK EXPERIENCE
2007 – St. Petersburg Elizaveta Hospital, Russia
2009 – Zagatala MDM, Azerbaijan
2016 – Ankara Atatürk Sanatorium Training and Research Hospital
2022–2025 – Baku Yeni Klinika, Azerbaijan
2025 – Hüma Hospital
AREAS OF INTEREST
-
Endoscopy and Colonoscopy Procedures
-
Laparoscopic Surgery
-
Thyroid Surgery
-
Hernia Surgery
-
Biliary Tract Surgery
-
Hemorrhoid Treatment
-
Pilonidal Sinus
-
Anal Fissure and Anal Fistula
-
Digestive System Diseases
Stomach Botox
The application of Botulinum toxin (botox) to the stomach is a relatively new weight loss method based on the endoscopic injection of Botulinum toxin into certain parts of the stomach. Gastric botox, which provides "weight loss" without the need for surgical intervention, is the most preferred among the non-surgical slimming options.
Who is Stomach Botox suitable for?
Stomach botox can actually be applied to anyone who wants to lose weight. This procedure is not an obesity surgery. Our patients who meet the following criteria can choose it.
Our patients, who cannot lose weight properly with diet and sports,
Our patients with a body mass index below 40,
For our patients with stomach ulcers or gastritis, they can have stomach botox after the treatment process is completed.
Who can't be applied stomach botox?
Like every application, there are people who should not be treated with stomach botox. Stomach botox should not be applied to cancer patients, especially pregnant women, those who are undergoing cancer treatment, those who have had recent surgery and those who have gastrointestinal system diseases. Also; It is not recommended to apply stomach botox alone to people whose body mass index is above 35 kg/m2. Because it will not be appropriate to reduce the targeted weight only with stomach botox, combined treatments or bariatric surgery will be more suitable for these patients.
WHAT IS SECONDARY INFERTILITY?
In some cases, it is not enough if only the reproductive system is healthy for pregnancy to occur. Along with the reproductive system, it is extremely important for the pregnancy process that many factors work in harmony with each other. Depending on the factors that affect the process, pregnancy may not occur in people. This condition can also be observed if the person has already become pregnant or had a healthy birth.
Infertility, which occurs as a result of a couple having regular sexual intercourse for 12 months and not being able to get pregnant even though they are not using a method of protection, can be seen in two different ways. Never before pregnancy occurs when primary infertility; a live birth or not, regardless of if at least one pregnancy occurred, secondary (secondary) infertility is defined as.
You can continue reading our article about what is secondary infertility, what are its causes, important risk factors and treatment topics.
Causes of Secondary Infertility
Secondary infertility can occur due to both of the couples. The causes of secondary male infertility; the presence of varicose veins in sperm vessels, known as varicocele, infections, traumas and testicular tumors can be listed in the form of. The causes of secondary infertility in women are causes such as differences in ovulation patterns, damage or blockage of the tubes, deterioration of the structure of the uterus, and cervical and cervical cancer, especially as age progresses.
Autoimmune diseases and sexually transmitted diseases are also among the causes dec lead to secondary infertility.
In order to determine which of the many factors considered to cause the development of secondary infertility in people and to make appropriate planning, the couple should consult a specialist physician.
Risk Factors for Secondary Infertility
One of the most curious points about secondary infertility is the risk factors of secondary infertility. Many risk factors can cause the development of secondary infertility in people. These factors;
• Progression of age
• Different disorders such as polycystic ovary syndrome
* Excess weight
• Previous miscarriages
* Stress
* Alcohol, smoking and substance use
It can be sorted as follows. Along with all this, various factors that may differ from person to person can also lead to the development of secondary infertility in people.
Treatment of Secondary Infertility
The causes of secondary infertility, which are an obstacle to a person's conception, can be studied in an extremely wide range. For this reason, first of all, the points that prevent a person from becoming pregnant should be determined by taking into account different factors and an appropriate treatment plan should be developed accordingly. As a result of the evaluations made by taking the patient's history, vaccination and IVF treatments may be recommended to support conception. In order to determine the condition, specific infertility tests can be administered to people after a physical and pelvic examination. The ovulation test and other hormone tests are some of them.
As Huma IVF center, we continue to be with you in this process with our expert staff. For all the questions you have in mind, you can contact us by checking out our experts on our website.
What is IVF? How is IVF Treatment Performed?
IVF treatment, which is one of the methods of treatment that helps reproduction, begins with the collection of eggs from the expectant mother and the removal of sperm cells from the expectant father. The embryo, which appeared after the fertilization was carried out in the laboratory environment, is placed in the womb of the expectant mother. From this point on, pregnancy continues like a pregnancy acquired by natural means.
When should couples who cannot have children turn to IVF treatment?
A woman under the age of 35 who does not have any diseases that can prevent her from becoming pregnant should definitely be examined if she cannot conceive despite having unprotected and regular sexual intercourse for 1 year and seek treatment if deemed necessary. Women who are over the age of 35 or who have previously had any problems affecting conception should only try for 6 months.
How is IVF Performed? What are the Necessary Conditions?
In vitro fertilization can be defined as the process of placing the healthiest embryo in the womb obtained as a result of fertilization of eggs collected from the expectant mother with the sperm of the expectant father in the laboratory environment. Before starting IVF treatment, the reproductive abilities of both a man and a woman are evaluated. Then hormone therapy is started to allow the expectant mother's eggs to enter the maturation process. Then, a cracking needle is made and the eggs are released from the follicles. During the egg collection process, the ripening eggs of the expectant mother are collected with the help of transvaginal ultrasound. At this time, sperm cells are taken from the expectant father.
Fertilization is achieved by means of reproductive cells that are brought together in a laboratory environment dec The healthiest of the embryos that occur, or in other words, the best IVF, is transferred to the expectant mother's uterus accompanied by ultrasound. After about half an hour after this procedure, the couple is sent home. In some cases, more than one embryo needs to be transferred to the mother's womb.
WHAT IS BETA HCG? HOW MUCH BETA HCG VALUE SHOULD BE? WHAT DOES ITS LOW AND HEIGHT MEAN?
Beta HCG hormone is a hormone known as the pregnancy hormone among the people. It is used in pregnancy tests to determine whether the person is pregnant or not. Experts express the test to measure the beta HCG hormone in different ways. You may have heard of Beta HCG blood test, quantitative blood pregnancy test, quantitative HCG test, and quantitative serial Beta HCG test. In this article, we have brought together all the curious about Beta HCG. What should be the Beta HCG value? What does low or high Beta HCG mean? Read on for the answers to all these questions.
What is Beta HCG?
There are 2 types of HCG Hormone, Beta and Alpha. During the pregnancy test, the Beta hormone is examined and is called Beta HCG. Beta HCG hormone is secreted by the placenta with the occurrence of fertilization. A blood test is performed between 10 days and 14 days after fertilization, and a high value can be observed in Beta HCG hormone as a result of the blood test. After a day or two, a urine test is done and more precise data for pregnancy can be obtained. High beta hcg hormone does not only mean a sign of pregnancy. Depending on some diseases encountered in people, its level in the body may increase, this varies from person to person. For this reason, when a high level of Beta HCG hormone is detected, different tests are performed immediately and it is ensured whether pregnancy has occurred or not.
What Should Beta HCG Value Be?
In a healthy non-pregnant woman, Beta HCG hormone varies in the range of 0-10 mlU/ml. In fact, it is usually seen at values around 0 and 0. With pregnancy, these values increase. In other words, we can understand whether pregnancy exists or not from the height of this hormone.
What Does Low and High Beta HCG Mean?
Beta HCG elevation first suggests that the person is pregnant. Because pregnancy increases the Beta HCG hormone. This hormone may give false information in some periods. Especially if the person has a different ailment, for example; In cases such as gastritis, some types of pancreatic cancer, some stomach cancers, ovarian cancer, liver tumor, multiple pregnancy, high levels of this hormone can be detected. For this reason, it is not possible to understand that you are pregnant with this test alone. Afterwards, you must have different tests. In addition to these, it is possible to say that the foods eaten also affect this hormone. Foods high in progesterone such as dill, avocado, spinach, tomatoes and walnuts increase the Beta HCG value.
Beta HCG is usually 0 and close to 0 in normal, ie non-pregnant individuals. In individuals who are pregnant, the low level of this hormone may be due to many reasons. These; ectopic pregnancy, deviation in the calculation of the week of pregnancy, sudden miscarriages.
In this article, we have discussed the Beta HCG hormone in detail. We have made explanations for you by giving place to all the questions that are curious. For more, you can visit our Hüma IVF page.
WHAT IS A REDUCED OVER RESERVE (AMH)?
Ovarian reserve, known as the ovary, is a term used to determine the fertilization ability of the ovary to provide egg cells and to determine the probability of a successful pregnancy. With the advancing age of the expectant mother, the number of egg cells obtained from the follicles for pregnancy decreases. decreased ovarian reserve (AMH); It is a condition in which the ovaries begin to lose their normal production capabilities, reducing fertility. Decreased ovarian reserve reduces women's chances of conceiving spontaneously or with treatment. However, it is aimed to minimize the effects of this situation with various methods. The main causes of decreased ovarian reserve can be listed as follows:
· Smoking,
Chronic diseases,
Coffee consumption
Age of the expectant mother,
Genetic abnormalities (X chromosome abnormalities)
Various treatments (such as radiation for cancer)
· Having undergone ovarian surgery.
You can continue reading our article for reduced ovarian reserve and all its details.
How to Identify Decreased Ovarian Reserve?
Decreased ovarian reserve is determined by examining the hormone tests to be performed on the 2nd or 3rd day of the menstrual period of the expectant mother. FSH hormone gives information about the status of ovarian reserves. If the FSH value is higher than 10, it indicates decreased ovarian capacity.
The best indication of the capacity of the ovaries is the vaginal ultrasound. Existing and developing egg structures can be easily detected here. If there are less than six egg structures in the total ovaries, decreased ovarian reserve may be in question.
In summary, decreased ovarian reserve; It can be understood by clinical evaluation of the person, vaginal ultrasound, measurement of AMH hormone and FSH hormone in the blood.
Can a Woman with a Decreased Ovarian Reserve Get Pregnant?
Existing studies show that women with reduced ovarian reserve can become pregnant both spontaneously and with IVF treatment. Although it has been shown that high serum FSH levels in women are associated with low pregnancy rates, it is not sufficient to make a decision based on this alone. Egg cells also regulate their size under the influence of genetic factors. The speed of the aging process of the ovaries varies greatly among women, except for the age factor. In addition to the successful results of endocrine tests and imaging methods in the numerical evaluation of ovarian reserve, their values in determining the chance of pregnancy remain at a limited level.
The chance of conceiving of a woman who is determined to have decreased ovarian reserve with ovarian reserve tests and clinical evaluations by specialist physicians can be increased by applying appropriate ovulation treatment protocols. Patients with reduced ovarian reserve can become mothers with different techniques today. In order to determine these methods, it is important to plan and apply special treatment methods suitable for patients by considering various factors.
How Is Decreased Ovarian Reserve Treated?
Currently, there is no treatment for decreased ovarian reserve that prevents or slows down ovarian aging. In addition, lifestyle changes have an extremely important role in preventing premature aging of the ovaries and in order to ensure the healthy continuation of egg quality, that is, to increase egg reserve and quality. These;
· Eating a balanced and healthy diet,
Doing regular exercise,
Quality and adequate sleep,
Avoiding chemicals, high glycemic index and fast food style foods,
Not to use substances such as cigarettes and alcohol,
· Using antioxidant drugs under the control of a physician.
If you have decreased ovarian reserve and want to have a child according to your required tests and vaginal ultrasound results, it is extremely important to seek in vitro fertilization treatment in the presence of a specialist doctor, without wasting time.
As Hüma IVF Center, we choose the most appropriate treatment method for you, apply it and continue to serve.
What Is The Importance Of Genital Examination?
Going to the gynecologist can be a scary idea for many women. Even accepting this idea can be stressful for women because genital examination is thought to hurt and the feeling of shame prevents women from going to the gynecologist unless they have to. However, gynecological examination is not painful. It does not pose an ethical problem either. Just because of some perceptions, women are hesitant to go to the gynecologist. However, many diseases that have given symptoms during genital examination can be pre-diagnosed. The vagina is entered with a speculum, then a smear is taken and this sample is sent to the laboratory. Necessary procedures are applied in cases where further examination is required according to the result.
How is Genital Examination Performed?
Genital examination is done by a healthcare professional. The presence of viruses such as HPV can be detected in the gynecological examination. Since detecting the presence of this virus before pregnancy will affect the pregnancy process, genital examination is important for precaution. Examination is essential in the presence of conditions such as vaginal bleeding, pain in the groin, and discharge. The appearance, smell and quality of the discharge are also very important. Genital examination is of great importance as transparent, milky, yellow or brown discharges can each be a sign of different diseases.
What are the Points to Consider?
The necessity of vaginal examination in case of menstrual irregularity, determining a contraceptive method, cervical infections, and pregnancy is indisputable. It can be life-saving for women not to be afraid of genital examination and to go to a gynecologist for diagnosis. Genital examination is of great importance in terms of early diagnosis in very serious diseases such as endometrial cancers, ovarian ca, ovarian cysts, and cervical cancer. Regardless of what, when they see a disease symptom in themselves, it is important not to infect other reproductive organs, so they should consult an obstetrician. While taking anamnesis, they should tell their stories clearly and do their best to regain their health.
WHAT IS BETA HCG? WHAT SHOULD BE THE BETA HCG VALUE? WHAT DOES ITS LOWNESS AND HEIGHT MEAN?
The hormone beta HCG is a hormone that is popularly known as a pregnancy hormone dec It is used in pregnancy tests to determine whether a person is pregnant or not. Specialists express the test for measuring the hormone beta HCG in different ways. It is possible to hear it in the form of a beta HCG blood test, a quantitative blood pregnancy test, a quantitative HCG test, and a quantitative serial Beta HCG test. In this article, we have collected all the curiosities about Beta DECG. What should be the beta HCG value? What does it mean if the beta hCG value is low or high? For answers to all these questions, continue reading our article.
What is Beta HCG?
There are 2 types of the Hormone HCG - Beta and Alpha. When conducting a pregnancy test, the Beta hormone is examined and called Beta HCG. The hormone beta HCG is secreted by the placenta with the formation of fertilization. A blood test is performed dec 10 days and 14 days after fertilization, and as a result of the blood test, a high value of the hormone Beta HCG can be observed. After a day or two, a urine test is performed and clearer data for pregnancy can be obtained. The height of the hormone beta hcg means not only a sign of pregnancy. Depending on some diseases that are found in people, their level in the body may also increase, it varies from person to person. For this reason, when an increase in the Beta HCG hormone is detected, different tests are also performed immediately and it is made sure that the pregnancy does not occur.
What Should Be the Beta HCG Value?
In a healthy woman who is not pregnant, the hormone December HCG varies in the range of 0-10 mlU/ml. Even it is usually seen at an approximate value of 0 and 0. With pregnancy, these values increase. That is, we know from the height of this hormone whether pregnancy exists or not.
What Does Low And High Beta HCG Mean?
The height of beta hCG first makes it clear that the person is pregnant. Because pregnancy increases the hormone Beta HCG. This hormone can give false information in some periods. For example, if a person has a different condition, gastritis, some types of pancreatic cancer, some stomach cancers, ovarian cancer, liver tumor, and multiple pregnancy, this hormone can also be elevated in cases such as gastritis. Therefore, it is unlikely that you will understand that you are pregnant only with this test. After that, you must also have different tests. In addition to these, it october possible to say that the nutrients eaten also affect this hormone. Foods high in progesterone, especially dill, avocado, spinach, tomatoes and walnuts, increase the value of Beta HCG.
Beta HCG is normal, that is, it is usually close to 0 and 0 in individuals who are not pregnant. In individuals who are pregnant, a low level of this hormone can be due to many reasons. These are ectopic pregnancy, a deviation in the calculation of the week of pregnancy, sudden miscarriages.
In this article, we have discussed the Beta HCG hormone in detail. We have made explanations for you by including all the questions that are curious. For more information, you can visit our Human IVF page.
WHAT IS COMPREHENSIVE CHROMOSOME SCREENING (NGS)?
IVF treatments are supported by a wide range of tests and analyzes to get a healthy result. With the help of these tests, problems that may occur before and after pregnancy are also detected and planning is carried out in this direction. NGS, a genetic analysis technology that allows comprehensive chromosome screening to be performed in embryos, is a test that gives extremely effective results as technological developments gain momentum. With NGS, embryos are scanned quickly and effectively, and genetic problems at the chromosome level are detected before pregnancy. The aim of this method is to select a healthy embryo by performing genetic analysis on embryos before the transfer process and to increase the chances of a healthy pregnancy. You can continue reading our article for the details of the NGS test.
What is Comprehensive Chromosome Screening (NGS)?
It is extremely important that the embryos obtained in IVF treatments are successfully transferred to the uterus. But in some cases, pregnancy may not be achieved. One of the most important reasons why a healthy pregnancy cannot be achieved despite embryo transfer in treatment has been identified as chromosome disorders that occur in embryos. In order to achieve a healthy and successful result in IVF treatments, it is necessary to analyze the embryos in detail and detect chromosomal abnormalities. Previously, the multidimensional and complex structure of chromosomes would have made multiple tests necessary. While this situation is quite time consuming and costly, the NGS (Next Generation Sequencing) test appears as a result of the developing technology today. The NGS method is a newly developed genetic analysis technology that allows comprehensive chromosome screening of embryos. The NGS method allows all embryos to be screened within a short period of time. With NGS, which offers a quick and detailed scan, chromosome-related problems are diagnosed before pregnancy. All 24 chromosomes are scanned with the NGS test.
Comprehensive chromosomal screening practices performed by the NGS method play an extremely important role in diagnosing disorders and have an effect on facilitating healthy outcomes in IVF treatments.
What are the Features of the NGS Technique?
Chromosomal abnormalities are determined by screening with the NGS method. Embryos containing more than two or more cell communities with different chromosomal structures are called “mosaic embryos”. Mosaic embryos are detected more easily with the NGS technique. After these chromosomal abnormalities detected by the NGS test are detected accurately and in detail, the process is advanced by including them in the treatment planning. Compared to the different PGD methods used to date and known, the NGS method provides a high-intensity scanning area, allowing you to detect even some genetic disorders, as well as numerical changes occurring in chromosomes.
What Genetic Defects Can Be Detected with NGS-Based PGS?
Embryos obtained in IVF treatment are evaluated according to various criteria in terms of the characteristics they have, and a healthy result is sought by ensuring the transfer of the embryo with the best developmental characteristics to the uterus. Examination of the developmental characteristics of the embryo under a microscope by classical methods does not give a clear information about the chromosomal state of the embryo. This information is only reached by performing a genetic screening with PGS. Even if the embryos have a good quality structure, they can contain various chromosomal problems, and this can also lead to problems such as early miscarriages, some structural disorders in the developing fetus, or the embryo does not hold on to the uterus. The main purpose of using the PGS method, which is an NGS-based method, is to increase the adhesion of the embryo to the uterus, which is found to have a chromosomally normal structure, to reduce the likelihood of miscarriage that may occur later, and as a result, to increase the likelihood of couples having healthy babies. The NGS-based PGS operation is performed by embryologists who have the necessary education and experience in this regard. The process takes a short time and does not cause any harm to the embryo. The PGS process begins by combining the egg taken from the expectant mother and the sperm taken from the expectant father outside the body. 5. Development of embryos from formed embryos. or 6. on the day when the blastocyst is at the stage, several cells are taken by biopsy without damaging the embryo. These received cells are sent to the genetic laboratory for a scan of 24 chromosomes, while the embryos are frozen. At this point, it is extremely important that the procedure is performed by a qualified embryologist so that the embryo does not get damaged. At the end of this examination, the embryo or embryos whose genetic structure has been determined to be healthy are transferred after completion of intrauterine preparation and pregnancy results that reach higher rates are obtained, especially.
To summarize briefly; NGS-based PGS is a genetic screening method and can be used to detect numerical and structural imbalances in chromosomes. However, single gene diseases, especially those with familial transmission, cannot be detected with the PGS method.
Who are the Groups of Patients Who Can Be Administered NGS?
The benefits of the NGS method, which is a new generation genetic analysis technology, also raises the question of which patient groups this technique can be applied to. Before answering this question, we can state that the intended point of the NGS method is to be able to detect numerical and structural changes in chromosomes. Therefore, we can address the question of which people have these changes more often for groups of patients who can be administered NGS. Groups of patients for whom NGS can be applied can be listed as follows;
· In cases of repeated miscarriage,
· in expectant mothers over the age of 38,
· In severe male infertility,
* In cases of infertility, the cause of which is unknown,
· It is applied in cycles of continuous self-recurring treatment failures.
The NGS method, which is a rapidly developing field, is actively used in many countries today due to its possibilities and facilitating and accelerating effects for the process.
What are the Advantages of Preimplantastone Genetic Screening with NGS?
NGS, a new genetic examination method used to screen for 24 chromosomes in embryos, provides the opportunity to examine and sequence the entire human genome both numerically and structurally in a short period of time, such as a single day. It offers us a revolutionary technology in this aspect. The improved NGS method can detect mosaic embryos better than other PGD methods. The main advantages of Preimplantastone Genetic Screening with NGS are that it allows you to quickly scan a large area of genes, both numerically and structurally. In addition to scanning gene fields numerically and structurally, the NGS method also has advantages such as obtaining a more accurate result with a low margin of error, achieving faster results, and having a lower cost. With this method, 24 chromosome screening can also be performed simultaneously with the study of single gene diseases and HLA typing.
Does NGS Damage the Embryo?
IVF treatments are an extremely exciting period for couples. During this period, in order to obtain a healthy result, various tests are applied to the embryos obtained to determine the success rate. In some cases, couples may have a high risk of genetically abnormal embryo development. Advanced maternal age is one of these conditions. Embryos that are not genetically normal are not suitable for transfer. In order to be able to determine the chromosomal status of embryos and to obtain a healthy result, process planning is carried out in the light of the NGS result. Another confusing situation for couples at this point is whether NGS causes any damage to the embryo during the application phase. Doctors who specialize in their field and NGS performed under appropriate conditions do not pose a danger risk to the embryo. At this point, managing and planning the process in accordance with the needs with a reliable specialist and institution will also be an extremely important step.
Does Pregnancy Always Occur With a Smoothly Detected Embryo?
After the tests and examinations, embryos that do not carry any genetic abnormalities are placed in the uterus. The probability of the occurrence of pregnancy after this procedure develops due to various factors. These factors;
· Women's age
· The amount of ovarian reserve of the woman
* Sperm quality
· Embryo quality
· Ensuring a proper intrauterine environment
· The presence of hydrosalpinx
· Conditions encountered during embryo transfer
it can be sorted as follows. All these factors are among the dec that affect the occurrence of pregnancy. From this point of view, it is impossible to say that pregnancy always occurs with an embryo that is detected without problems.
Studies have shown that age-related embryos are less likely to be chromosomally normal. For this reason, pregnancy rates are also decreasing due to the increasing age of women, especially in IVF trials that have not been applied to PGS. In women under the age of forty, NGS-based PGS normal embryos vary between 40 and 60 percent probability with the results of the analysis, the rate falls below twenty percent in people over the age of 40.
In women over the age of forty, a low pregnancy rate is achieved by transferring an embryo that has not been genetically screened with NGS, while this rate is increased by transferring an embryo that has been diagnosed with NGS and is chromosomally normal.
How Many Days Do NGS Results Come Out?
The embryos that have been biopsied are 5 or 6 until they reach the blastocyst stage. by following it up to the day, only embryos that have not been detected as abnormalities are transferred to the expectant mother's uterus (uterus). The NGS process applied to the embryos is completed within the same day. In this way, treatment planning is quickly directed.
What are the NGS Test Prices?
The information obtained from the results of the NGS test gives a comprehensive information for the IVF process. At this point, NGS, a new generation genetic screening test, has entered our lives as a result of high technology. It is a method that also has many advantages, especially if it provides a quick and wide information about the chromosomal state of the embryo. In addition to the advantages it provides, NGS is a method that also has an extremely low cost. This is a situation that also increases the availability of the test. As the Huma IVF family, we continue to be there for our couples during this exciting process. For all your questions about NGS, you can review our site and contact us for detailed information.
In this article, we have included details about the NGS method. It is important to detect embryos that do not have chromosomal abnormalities, as well as to successfully transfer the embryos obtained in IVF treatments to the uterus. Comprehensive chromosomal screening practices performed by the NGS method play an extremely effective role in detecting chromosomal disorders in embryos and increase the risk of a positive outcome of the process.
